Digital Fabrication and Free Culture. One More Minor Becoming?

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14198/i2.2016.4.06

Palabras clave:

Makers, Revolución Digital, Máquinas Deseantes, Fab Lab

Resumen

Diferentes autores se refieren a la fabricación digital como la Tercera Revolución Digital, después de las revoluciones de la computación y la comunicación. Como ocurriera con las dos revoluciones precedentes, se generaron grandes expectativas en torno a las virtualidades políticas de estas nuevas tecnologías para dar lugar a relaciones de producción más libres e individuos más autónomos. Sin embargo, como también ocurriera con la computación y la comunicación, lo que realmente está ocurriendo demuestra que las supuestas virtualidades no llegarán a hacerse actuales sin una intensa implicación, organización y trabajo por parte de sectores activistas técnicos y sociales. Se discute el caso de la compra corporativa de la empresa pionera de hardware libre Makerbot, como ejemplo de la situación y punto de inflexión en las expectativas de los nuevos tecno-visionarios. Para concluir se propone una serie de posibles estrategias que podrían promover el desarrollo efectivo de un ecosistema libre y open source de fabricación digital.

Citas

ANDERSON, Chris. Makers. The New Industrial Revolution. Londres, Nueva York: Random House Business Books, 2012.

BANZI, Massimo. Getting Started with Arduino. Sebastobol [California]: O'Reilly, 2009.

BARNES, Peter. Capitalism 3.0. A Guide to Reclaiming the Commons. San Francisco: Berrett-Kohler Publishers, 2006.

BENKLER, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks. How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedoms. New Haven & Nueva York: Yale University Press, 2006.

BERARDI, Franco (Bifo). Generación Post-Alfa. Patologías e imaginarios en el semiocapitalismo. Buenos Aires: Tinta Limón, 2007.

BERARDI, Franco (Bifo). La fábrica de la infelicidad. Nuevas formas de trabajo y movimiento global. Madrid:Traficantes de Sueños, 2003.

BERNERS-LEE, Tim. Weaving the Web. The Original Design and Ultimate Destiny of the World Wide Web. Nueva York: Harper Business, 2000.

BEY, Hakim. T.A.Z.: The Temporary Autonomous Zone, Ontological Anarchy, Poetic Terrorism. New York: Autonomedia, 1991.

CASTELLS, Manuel. La era de la información. Economía, sociedad y cultura. Volumen 1: La sociedad red. Madrid: Alianza Editorial, 1997 [first English edition: 1996].

DELEUZE, Gilles. "Postscript on the Societies of Control", October núm 59 (Winter 1992), pp. 3-7 1992 [original edition in French 1990].

DELEUZE, Gilles. Foucault. Barcelona: Paidós Studio, 1987 [original edition in French: 1986].

DELEUZE, Gilles, GUATTARI Félix (translation by Brian Massumi). A thousand plateaus. Capitalism and schizophrenia. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1987 [original edition in French: 1980].

DELEUZE, Gilles, GUATTARI Félix. Kafka. Toward a Minor Literature. Minneapolis, London: University of Minnesota Press, 1986 [original edition in French 1975].

DELEUZE, Gilles and GUATTARI, Félix (translated by Robert Hurley). "Balance-Sheet of Desiring-Machines, Appendix to 2nd edition of Anti_Oedipe". En: Félix Guattari, 2009, Chaosophy. Texts and Interviews 1972-1977, Semiotext(e). Los Angeles, Paris: Minuit, 1972.

DUNNE, Anthony, RABY Fiona. Design Noir: The Secret Life of Electronic Objects. Zurich: August / Birkhäuser, 2001.

DYVIK, Jens. Making, Living, Sharing [video documentary]; presented at Fab 9 International Fab Labs Conference, Yokohama, Japan [26.08.2013] 2013.

ENGELS, Friedrich. The Conditions of the Working Class in England. Londres: Penguin, 2009 [first edition in German: 1845].

EYCHENNE, Fabien, NEVES, Heloisa. Fab Lab. A vanguarda da nova reolucao industrial. Sao Paulo: Fab Lab Brasil, 2013.

FAB CENTRAL, 2013b, Fab Academy, in: http://academy.cba.mit.edu/ [visited 12.09.2013].

FAB CENTRAL, 2013, Fab Lab Inventory, in: http://fab.cba.mit.edu/about/fab/inv.html [visited 12.09.2013].

FAB CENTRAL, 2012, Fab Charter draft october 20, 2012, in: http://fab.cba.mit.edu/about/charter/ [visited 12.09.2013].

FAB CENTRAL, 2007, Fab Charter draft august 30, 2007, in: http://http://htca.us.es/blogs/talleresfablab/informacion/fabcharter/ [visited 12.09.2013].

FLAHERT, Jospeh, 2012, Kickstarter MakerBot clone is legal, but perhaps not ethical, in: http://www.wired.co.uk/news/archive/2012-08/24/makerbot-clone [visited 04.09.2013].

FREEDOMDEFINED.org, 2013, OSHW, http://freedomdefined.org/OSHW [visited 10.09.2013].

GERSHENFELD, Neil, 2013, Digital fabrication, at: http://academy.cba.mit.edu/classes/principles_practices/index.html

GERSHENFELD, Neil, 2012, How to Make Almost Anyhting. The Digital Fabrication Revolution, en www.foreignaffairs.com, Council on Foreign Relations, Inc.; accesible en: http://www.iaac.net/archivos/events/pdf/how-to-make-almost-anything-fo.pdf [academic use only].

GERSHENFELD, Neil, 2005, Fab. The Coming Revolution on Your Desktop - From Personal Computers to Personal Fabrication, Basic Books, Nueva York.

GIBB, Alicia, 2010, New Media, Art, Design and the Arduino Microcontroller: A Malleable Tool, Master of Science Thesis School of Art and Design Pratt Institute, New York; accesible [12.2011] at: http://aliciagibb.com/wpcontent/uploads/2010/02/New-Media-Art-Design-and-the-Arduino-Microcontroller.pdf

GILOZ, Emmanuel, 2013b, RepRap Family Tree, in: http://reprap.org/wiki/RepRap_Family_Tree [visited 04.09.2013].

GILOZ, Emmanuel, 2013, FoldaRap, at: http://reprap.org/wiki/FoldaRap [visited 15.09.2013].

GIBSON, William, STERLING, Bruce. The Difference Engine. New York: 20th Anniversary Edition, Ballantine Books Random House, 2011[first edition: 1990].

GILOZ, Emmanuel, 2013 [visited 04.09.2013], RepRap Family Tree; in: http://reprap.org/wiki/RepRap_Family_Tree

GUATTARI, Félix, Las tres ecologías. Valencia: Pre-Textos, 2000 [original edition, French: 1989].

GUATTAR,I Félix. Chaosmosis. An ethico-aesthetic paradigm. (translation Paul Baines, Julian Pefanis; original French Edition 1992). Bloomingdale-Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, 1995.

HAFNER, Katie, LYON Matthew. When Wizards Stay Up Late. The Origins of the Internet. Nueva York: Simon & Schuster, 2006 [first edition: 1996].

HARDT, Michael, NEGRI, Antonio. Commonwealth. Cambridge: Belknap Harvard, 2009. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvjsf48h

HARVEY, David. Paris, Capital of Modernity. New York: Routledge, 2006 [first edition: 2003].

HOLMES, Brian, 2007. "Future Map, or How the Cyborgs Learned to Stop Fearing and Love Surveillance". in: http://brianholmes.wordpress.com/2007/09/09/future-map/ [visited 12.09.2013]

KELTY, Christopher M. Two Bits. The Cultural Significance of Free Software. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2008. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1198vx9

LATOUR, Bruno. Reassembling the Social. An Introduction to the Actor-Network Theory. Oxford - Nueva York: Ofxord University Press, 2007 [first edition, English: 2005].

LEVY, Steven. Hackers. Heroes of the Computer Revolution. Sebastopol: O'Reilly, 2010 [original edition: 1984].

LOBOSCO, Katie, 2013, Stratasys buy Makerbot 3D printing company for $400 million, in: http://money.cnn.com/2013/06/19/technology/makerbot-stratasys-merger/index.html [visited 10.09.2013].

MORENO, Sergio, PÉREZ DE LAMA, José, ANDRADE, Laura H. [editors]. WikiPlaza. Request For Comments. Barcelona: DPR-Barcelona, 2011.

MOYER, Ilan, PEEK Nadya; 2012. "PopFab the portable fabrication multi-tool" [video], at: https://vimeo.com/45911972 [visited 14.09.2013].

NORTD Lab, 2013, Lasersaur, at: http://labs.nortd.com/lasersaur/ [visited 14.09.2013].

PÉREZ DE LAMA, José, upcoming [written: 2011]. "Emancipatory technologies in computation and architecture. From PCs to personal fabrication". en: Philippe Morel, Christian Girard, Leda Dimitriadis [editores], 2012, Proceedings Computational Politics and Architecture. From Digital Philosophy to the End of Work, ENSAPM and HYX [Orleans, France] disponible en: http://www.hackitectura.net/osfavelados/txts/2012_01_commons_abundance/

PÉREZ DE LAMA, José, 2010. "WikiPlaza and other FLOS [Free Libre Open Source] heterotopias". in: Ewen Chardronnet [editor], Proceedings of Futur en Seine 2009. The Digital Future of the City. Festival for Digital Life and Creativity, Cap Digital, Paris; pp: 229-248 PÉREZ DE LAMA HALCÓN, José. Devenires cíborg. Arquitectura, urbanismo y redes de comunicación. Sevilla: Secretariado de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Sevilla, 2006.

PETTIS, Bre, KAZIUNAS Anna France, SHERGILL Jay. Getting Started with MakerBot. Sebastopol: O'Reilly, 2012.

PETTIS, Bre, 2012. "Let's Try that Again". http://www.makerbot.com/blog/2012/09/24/lets-try-that-again/ [visited 08.09.2013].

PETTIS, Bre, 2011b. "All-Star Lineup invests in MakerBot." http://www.makerbot.com/blog/2011/08/23/all-star-lineup-invests-inmakerbot/ [visited 10.09.2013].

PETTIS, Bre, 2011. "Made in my Backyard". pp: 76-83, in: ABEL, Bas van, EVERS, Lucas, KLAASSEN, Roel, TROXLER, Peter [editors]. Open Design Now. Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive, Amsterdam: Bis Publishers, 2011.

PRUSA, Josef, 2012. "Open Hardware meaning". In: http://josefprusa.cz/open-hardware-meaning/ [visited 10.09.2013].

RHEINGOLD, Howard. Smart Mobs. The Next Social Revolution. Cambridge: Perseus Publishing, 2002.

RIFKIN, Jeremy, The Third Industrial Revolution. How Lateral Power is Transforming Energy, The Economy, and The World. New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 2011.

SELLS, Ed, SMITH, Zach, BAILARD, Sebastien, and BOWYER, Adrian, 2007. "RepRap: The Replicating Rapid Prototyper - Maximizing Customizability by Breeding the Means of Production". En: Handbook of Research in Mass Customization and Personalization, World Scientific, Proc. Mass Customization and Personalization Conference, MIT, October 2007. Eds: Frank T Piller and Mitchell M Tseng, 2009. https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814280280_0028

SMITH, Zach aka Hoeken, 2012, "MakerBot vs Open Source - A founder perspective". In: http://www.hoektronics.com/2012/09/21/makerbot-and-open-source-a-founder-perspective/ [visited 10.09.2013].

STALLMAN, Richard. Software libre para una sociedad libre. Madrid: Traficantes de Sueños, 2004 [original English edition: 2002 "Free Software, Free Society"].

STERLING, Bruce. Shaping Things. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2005. The International Fab Lab Association, 2012, report: FABFUSE2012 - first international grassroots Fab Lab conference, in: http://www.fablabinternational.org/es/blog/report-fabfuse2012-first-international-grassroots-fab-lab-conference [visited 12.09.2013].

THINGIVERSE.com, 2012, Thingiverse Terms of Use, in: http://www.thingiverse.com/legal [visited 10.09.2013].

THOMPSON, Chris / Hive76, 2012. "Exclusive: Zach Hoeken on leaving MakerBot and his future". In: http://www.hive76.org/hoeken [visited 10.09.2013].

TORRONE, Philip, 2012 [visited 04.09.2012]. "Sandbox. The {Unspoken] Rules of Open Source Hardware". In: http://makezine.com/2012/02/14/soapbox-the-unspoken-rules-of-open-source-hardware/

WIGLEY, Mark, 2000. "Man Plus". en: Fisuras de la cultura contemporánea, núm. 8, ¡Cuesta mucho ser auténtica!, enero 2000, Madrid; pp: 18-44.

Descargas

Estadísticas

Estadísticas en RUA

Publicado

30-06-2016

Cómo citar

Pérez de Lama Halcón, J. (2016). Digital Fabrication and Free Culture. One More Minor Becoming?. I2 Investigación E Innovación En Arquitectura Y Territorio, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.14198/i2.2016.4.06

Número

Sección

Miscelánea